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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

会打游戏，就能成为电竞选手？******

　　中新网北京2月2日电 (金旭 徐文欣)指尖争锋，争分夺秒；英雄出击，狭路相逢。很多人羡慕电竞选手的风光无限，也有很多人将电子竞技与打游戏画上等号。但他们了解真实的电竞世界吗？

　　“俱乐部的生活比较单调，除了睡觉、吃饭、洗漱，基本所有时间都在进行高强度训练。每天中午12时左右起床，下午2时前到训练室，经常训练到次日凌晨。”作为职业选手的shad0w，早已习惯了电竞选手的枯燥生活。

　　近日，在中新社“东西问·中外青年对话”中，中国互联网协会电子竞技工作委员会副主任委员李杰、中国传媒大学动画与数字艺术学院副院长陈京炜、《王者荣耀》职业选手曹志顺(游戏ID：久诚)、意大利华裔《英雄联盟》职业选手赵志强(游戏ID：shad0w)就中国电竞产业展开对话，畅聊电竞选手的职业发展之路。

　　如果你走进电竞选手的生活，便会深感他们训练的辛苦与生活的单调。其实，电子竞技选手需要体力、脑力、手眼协调等多方面的高度协作才能胜任。

　　即便如此，电竞选手也常被贴上“不务正业”“网瘾重灾区”的标签。shad0w表示，自己从“网瘾少年”到顶级选手，也曾不被父母理解，但随着社会对电竞职业认可度的提升及自身取得优异成绩，家人也转变观点，支持他的电竞事业。

　　久诚在电竞中收获了成长，他叮嘱有电竞梦的青少年，电竞不是无节制沉溺于游戏的借口，成为职业选手需要天赋，也需要艰苦的训练，希望大家不要因为过度游戏而忽略了日常生活和学业。

　　“电子竞技不等于打游戏。”陈京炜说，冠军是电竞选手的目标，快乐则是游戏玩家的追求。电竞选手在比赛中体现出来的勇往直前和无所畏惧与竞技体育精神相通，它们跨越文化，激励着一代代中外青年，也激励着国内的电竞生态走向成熟。

　　“作为集科技、竞技、娱乐与社交于一身的新兴体育产业，电竞链条价值凸显，产业联动效应不断提升。”李杰表示，近年来，电竞职业联赛不断“破圈”，社会对电竞的认同与日俱增，加之游戏直播行业和手游产品的迅速兴起，中国电竞产业增长势头强劲。

　　李杰说，1999年10月1日，中国最早的电子竞技俱乐部成立。彼时，听说过“电竞”这个词的中国人寥寥无几，当下，中国电竞用户已超5亿人，成为全球最大的电竞市场。

　　与此同时，中国电竞产业的繁荣也对各类人才提出更多的要求。

　　针对越来越多的高校开设电竞专业，陈京炜表示，电竞是一个非常长的产业链，可以分上游、中游、下游。上游主要集中在游戏研发；中游包括赛事组织、运营和导编播；下游直接面向受众，包括竞技员、俱乐部、解说等。虽然不同学校对培养方向和细分领域的选择会有所侧重，但都集中在培养上游和中游的电竞专业人才上，倾向于理论和实践相结合的教学模式。(完)

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）